名词
表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称
什么是名词？
名词是用来表示人、地点、事物或概念的词。名词是英语中最基本的词类之一。
名词的分类
专有名词
特定的人、地点、机构等的名称，首字母必须大写。
Sarah lives in Paris.
莎拉住在巴黎。
Google is a big company.
谷歌是一家大公司。
The Thames flows through London.
泰晤士河流经伦敦。
"My dear Mr. Bennet," said his lady to him one day, "have you heard that Netherfield Park is let at last?"
"亲爱的班纳特先生，"有一天他的太太对他说，"你有没有听说尼日斐花园终于租出去了？"
From novel普通名词
泛指的人、地点或事物的名称。除句首外不大写。
The dog is sleeping.
狗在睡觉。
She bought a new book.
她买了一本新书。
His neighbor, Jay Gatsby, lived in a magnificent mansion that hosted extravagant parties every weekend.
他的邻居杰·盖茨比住在一栋豪华的宅邸里，每个周末都举办奢华的派对。
From novel可数名词
可以计数的名词，有单数和复数形式，前面可以用 a/an。
I have two cats.
我有两只猫。
She ate an apple.
她吃了一个苹果。
"Why, my dear, you must know, Mrs. Long says that Netherfield is taken by a young man of large fortune from the north of England."
"哎呀，亲爱的，你得知道，朗太太说尼日斐被一个从英格兰北部来的有钱年轻人租去了。"
From novel不可数名词
不能逐个计数的名词，没有复数形式，不能用 a/an，需用 some、much 或量词。
Can I have some water?
能给我一些水吗？
Knowledge is power.
知识就是力量。
She has a lot of information.
她有很多信息。
It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.
凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太，这已经成了一条举世公认的真理。
From novel集合名词
指代一群人、动物或事物作为一个整体的名词。
My family is large.
我的家庭很大。
The team won the game.
队伍赢得了比赛。
A flock of birds flew overhead.
一群鸟从头顶飞过。
抽象名词
表示无法看到或触摸的想法、品质或状态的名词。
Freedom is important.
自由很重要。
Happiness comes from within.
幸福来自内心。
He played with the monkeys every day, living a happy and free life.
他每天和猴子们一起玩耍，过着快乐自由的生活。
From novel名词复数规则
- 加 -scat → cats, book → books
- s/x/ch/sh 结尾加 -esbox → boxes, watch → watches
- 辅音+y 变 -iescity → cities, baby → babies
- 不规则复数child → children, man → men, mouse → mice
常见错误
❌ I have two childs. → ✅ I have two children.
❌ 我有两个 childs。→ ✅ 我有两个 children。
❌ She gave me many informations. → ✅ She gave me much information.
❌ 她给了我很多 informations。→ ✅ 她给了我很多 information。
❌ I need an advice. → ✅ I need some advice.
❌ 我需要一个建议。→ ✅ 我需要一些建议。