spontaneous
🇬🇧 /spɒˈnteɪnɪəs/
🇺🇸 /spɑˈnteɪniːəs/
📖 Definitions
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adjective
Performed or occurring as a result of a sudden inner impulse or inclination and without premeditation or external stimulus.; Arising from a natural feeling or native tendency without external constraint; natural and unconstrained.; Produced by natural processes without deliberate human intervention or external cause.; In biology, occurring without apparent external cause or stimulus, as in spontaneous generation or spontaneous mutation.; In medicine, occurring without known external cause or without treatment, as in spontaneous remission or spontaneous abortion.; In physics and chemistry, occurring without the input of external energy; proceeding in a given direction without outside influence, as in a spontaneous process or spontaneous emission.; Growing or produced without cultivation or human effort; wild.; Of a person, acting on impulse; not planned or rehearsed in behavior or expression.
🔗 Details
Word forms
Comparative: more spontaneous
Superlative: most spontaneous
Collocations
spontaneous combustionspontaneous generationspontaneous recoveryspontaneous reactionspontaneous decisionspontaneous applause
Derivatives
spontaneouslyspontaneityspontaneousness
Synonyms
impulsiveunplannedunrehearsedinstinctiveunpromptednatural
Antonyms
planneddeliberatepremeditatedcalculated
Commonly confused
impulsive
EN: 'Spontaneous' suggests natural, unplanned action (often positive); 'impulsive' implies acting without thought, often with negative consequences.
instinctive
EN: 'Instinctive' refers to innate, biological responses; 'spontaneous' refers to actions arising freely without external prompting.
Spelling tips
EN: Remember the '-eous' ending: 'spontaneous', not 'spontanous' or 'spontanious'. The root is from Latin 'sponte' (of one's own accord).
💬 Examples
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The crowd broke into spontaneous applause when the singer finished the song.
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Her spontaneous laughter made everyone around her feel at ease.
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Spontaneous combustion can occur in piles of oily rags left in enclosed spaces.
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The theory of spontaneous generation was disproved by Louis Pasteur's experiments.
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The patient experienced spontaneous remission of the tumor without any chemotherapy.
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Spontaneous emission of photons occurs when an excited atom returns to a lower energy state.
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The hillside was covered with spontaneous vegetation that had never been planted.
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She is a very spontaneous person who often decides to travel at the last minute.